Diabetes Types And Symptoms

                                             
Diabetes Mellitus(DM) generally known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease thatWhat is Diabetes Mellitus:

occurs when the pancreas can not produce enough insulin 

which is important to maintain the glucose level at a normal range. 
Deficiency of insulin increases the amount of glucose in the blood and
excess glucose is excreted in the urine.Blood glucose range in a healthy 
person and a diabetes patient:
In a healthy person, the amount of glucose in the blood plasma (blood juice) 
is less than 6.4 mmol/L when fasting and less than 7.5 mmol/L two hours 
after eating.Diabetes can be diagnosed when the amount of glucose in the 
blood plasma (plasma) is more than 7.5 mmol/L or more or when the amount 
of glucose in the blood plasma (blood juice) is 11 mmol/L or more two hours
 after eating 75 grams of glucose.
Types of Diabetes:
1. Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus(IDDM) or Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin 
is not produced in the body of such patients at all. This type of diabetes 
is also called juvenile-onset diabetes because it is usually seen in people
 under 30 years of age(average age is 10-20 years). All these patients have
 to take insulin injections to survive. Otherwise, the blood sugar rises 
very fast and in a short time, he becomes unconscious due to acid poisoning
 in the blood and dies. Acetone is found in the urine when unconscious.
2. Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) or Type 2 diabetes:
About 80% patient of diabetes suffer from this type. In most cases the 
age of this class of patients is above 30 years.Their body produces insulin 
but it is not enough. This type of patients become obese in most cases as 
the effectiveness of insulin decreases. If the patients are not given insulin, 
they will not be poisoned like type 1 patients.
3. Gestational Diabetes: Gestational diabetes is often caught during pregnancy
 and does not exist immediately after delivery. Diabetes during pregnancy 
can be dangerous for pregnant women and newborns. It's important to control 
gestational diabetes to protect the baby's growth and development.
Diagnosis Of Diabetes  (Three P's of diabetes):
The most common symptoms to diagnose this condition are called three P's 
of diabetes.These are-
1. Polydipsia (increased thirst)
2. Polyuria (frequent urination)
3. Polyphagia (increased appetite)
If someone is experiencing an abnormal elevation of  thirst, urination, 
or appetite that lasts over a period of several days then they should see 
a doctor and specially when someone is particularly  experiencing more than
one of the three P’s.But each of the three P’s can occur individually as 
a symptom of conditions other 
than diabetes so you shouldn’t panic before consultation with a doctor.
Consult a doctor  If you’re experiencing symptoms that are new and 
persistent then  you should always make an appointment with your doctor .
Other general symptoms are: -

Weight loss despite eating enough
Presence of ketones in the urine (ketoacidosis)
Increased thirst
Frequent urination
Extreme hunger
Frequent infections ( gums , skin infections and vaginal infections)
Fatigue
Irritability
Blurred vision
Slow wound healing
Who can get Diabetes:- 
Anyone can develop diabetes at anytime at any age. However, four types 
of people are more likely to have diabetes:
1. In whose family, such as parents, blood relatives have diabetes.
2. Those who are overweight
3. Those who do not do any work or physical exertion
4. Those who have been using cortisol for a long time.
Is Diabetes an infectious disease?:- 
Diabetes is not a contagious or infectious disease. It is not transferrable from 
person-to-person through sexual contact, saliva, or blood.  When the pancreas of
 our body does not produce enough of the hormone insulin, or the body can't use 
insulin properly due to specific reason ,that time diabetes occurs. Insulin helps 
carry sugar from the bloodstream into the cells and after that
it converted into energy for immediate use or stored for the future.

Good food for diabetic patient :

1.Green leafy vegetables
          * Spinach
          * collard greens
          * kale
          *cabbage
          * broccoli
      2.Whole grains

9. * Brown rice * whole-grain bread * whole-grain pasta * Buckwheat * millet
    * bulgur * rye 3.Fatty fish *salmon *mackerel *sardines *albacore tuna 
   *herring *trout

10. 4.Beans *kidney beans *pinto beans *black beans *navy beans *adzuki beans 
    5.Walnuts A study from 2018 suggested that walnuts are linked with a lower
     incidence of diabetes. Walnuts also provide key nutrients, such as protein,
     vitamin B-6, magnesium, and Iron. 
    6.Citrus fruits *Oranges *Grapefruits 
    *lemons 
    7.Berries *Blueberries *blackberries *strawberries *raspberries
    8.Sweet potatoes
    9. Probiotic yogurt 
    10.Chia seeds 
    11.Avocados 
    12.Eggs 
    13.Extra-Virgin Olive Oil 
    14.Garlic 

11. Food to avoid for diabetic patient :
    

    1.High-GI fruits

     

    The glycemic index (GI) represents how much a certain food can raise
    
    Fruits that have high glycemic index and raise blood pressure are
    
    *Watermelon
    
    *Dried Dates
    
    *pineapples
    
    *overly ripe banana
    
    2.Carb-heavy foods
    
    *white bread
    
    *puffed rice
    
    *white rice
    
    *white pasta
    
    *white potatoes
    
    *pumpkin
    
    *popcorn
    
    3.Saturated and trans fats
    
    *Fries
    
    * Chips
    
    * baked goods
    
    *grilled fish & meat
    
    *steak
    
    4.Refined sugar
    
    *Sweets
    
    *Cakes
    
    *biscuits
    
    5.Sugary drinks
    
    *energy drinks
    
    *some coffees,
    
    *shakes
    
    6.Salty foods
    
    7.Alcohol  

12. given below

13. blood sugar after a person has have eaten it.

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